Purple Fingered Lady for web.jpg
“I defied the terrorists”

Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?¹Ã?Â??Ã?¢?Ã? Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?¯ Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?ªÃ?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?´Ã?Â??Ã?Â??Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã? Ã?Â??’ Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?£Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?  Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?­Ã?Â??Ã?Â??Ã?Â??Ã?Â??Ã?Â??Ã?¢?Ã?¦Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?© Ã?Â??’Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã? Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?¯Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã? Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?± Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã? Ã?Â??Ã?¢?Ã?¡Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?§ Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?£Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?´Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?®Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?§Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?µ Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?´Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?¤Ã?Â??Ã?Â??Ã?Â??Ã?¢?Ã?  Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?£Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?´Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?®Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?§Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?µ Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?¢Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?®Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?±Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã? Ã?Â??Ã?¢?Ã? Ã?Â??Ã?Â?? Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?Â¥Ã?Â??Ã?¢?Ã?  Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?§Ã?Â??’Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?µÃ?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?¹Ã?Â??Ã?Â??Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?¨Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?© Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?§Ã?Â??’Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?¹öÃ?Â??Ã?¢?Ã?¦Ã?Â??Ã?¢?Ã?° Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?ªÃ?Â??Ã?Â??Ã?Â??Ã?¢?Ã?¦Ã?Â??Ã?¢?Ã?  Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?  Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?§Ã?Â??’Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?ªÃ?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?§Ã?Â??’Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã? : Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã? Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?¬Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?¨ Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?¹Ã?Â??’Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã? Ã?Â??Ã?Â?? Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?£Ã?Â??Ã?Â??Ã?Â??’Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?§ Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?£Ã?Â??Ã?¢?Ã?  Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?ªÃ?Â??Ã?¢?Ã?¦Ã?Â??Ã?Â??Ã?Â??Ã?¢?Ã?  Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?§Ã?Â??’Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?­Ã?Â??Ã?Â??Ã?Â??Ã?Â??Ã?Â??Ã?¢?Ã?¦Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?© Ã?Â??Ã?¢?Ã?¦Ã?Â??Ã?¢?Ã?  Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?§Ã?Â??’Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?³Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã? Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?·Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?±Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?© Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?¹Ã?Â??’Ã?Â??Ã?¢?Ã?° Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?§Ã?Â??’Ã?Â??Ã?¢?Ã?¦Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?­Ã?Â??Ã?Â??Ã?Â??Ã?Â??Ã?Â??Ã?¢?Ã?¦Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã? Ã?Â??Ã?¢?Ã? Ã?Â??Ã?Â?? Ã?Â??Ã?Â??Ã?Â??Ã?¢?Ã?¦Ã?Â??Ã?¢?Ã?  Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?«Ã?Â??Ã?¢?Ã?¦ Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?Â¥Ã?Â??’Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?²Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?§Ã?Â??Ã?¢?Ã?¦Ã?Â??Ã?¢?Ã?¡Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?§ Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?¨Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?§Ã?Â??’Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?³Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã? Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?·Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?±Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?© Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?¹Ã?Â??’Ã?Â??Ã?¢?Ã?° Ã?Â??Ã?¢?Ã? Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?³Ã?Â??Ã?¢?Ã?¡Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?§

Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?¬Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã? Ã?Â??Ã?¢?Ã?¦Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?³ Ã?Â??Ã?¢?Ã?¦Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?§Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?¯Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã? Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?³Ã?Â??Ã?Â??Ã?Â??Ã?¢?Ã? Ã?Â??Ã?Â?? Ã?Â??Ã?¢?Ã?¦Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?´Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?§Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?±Ã?Â??Ã?Â?? Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?±Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?¦Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã? Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?³Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?  Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?  Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?µÃ?Â??Ã?Â?Ã? Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?§Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?ºÃ?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?© Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?§Ã?Â??’Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?¯Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?³Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?ªÃ?Â??Ã?Â??Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?± Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?§Ã?Â??’Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?§Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?ªÃ?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?­Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?§Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?¯Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?  Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?§Ã?Â??’Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?£Ã?Â??Ã?¢?Ã?¦Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã? Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã?±Ã?Â??Ã?Â??Ã?Â??Ã?Â?Ã? 

If I have cut and pasted the above text correctly, that’s the Arabic translation of the following, which will be a part of my presentations on constitutionalism in Iraq:

In framing a government, which is to be administered by men over men, the great difficulty lies in this: you must first enable the government to control the governed, and in the next place, oblige it to control itself.

James Madison, principal framer of the U.S. Constitution (Federalist No. 51)

After I leave on my trip, I’ll try to post (in English, Arabic, and Kurdish, if I can) the PowerPoint presentation and two short papers on “Principles of Democracy” and “Challenges of Democratization” that I will be using.